Philosophy

El Hombre Rebelde / The Rebel: An Essay Onman in Revolt

El Hombre Rebelde / The Rebel: An Essay Onman in Revolt

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  • Author：Albert Camus
  • ISBN：6073807376
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Summary

By one of the most profoundly influential thinkers of our century， The Rebel is a classic essay on revolution。

For Albert Camus， the urge to revolt is one of the "essential dimensions" of human nature， manifested in man's timeless Promethean struggle against the conditions of his existence， as well as the popular uprisings against established orders throughout history。 And yet， with an eye toward the French Revolution and its regicides and deicides， he reveals how inevitably the course of revolution leads to tyranny。

As old regimes throughout the world collapse， The Rebel resonates as an ardent， eloquent， and supremely rational voice of conscience for our tumultuous times。

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Reviews

Abi Pootilloy ，

This book is not pog。 Camus concocts an elaborate story about what he calls "The French Revolution"， a defunct historical claim that posits a country by the name of "France" exists and somehow had a rebellion。 This book was clearly Camus dabbling in a socialist/syndaclist experiment to impress the alt-women in his college and it clearly reads as such。 Maybe if he spent less time analyzing the unrestrained egoism of the Jacobins that led to a perverse corruption of justice， he would probably actu This book is not pog。 Camus concocts an elaborate story about what he calls "The French Revolution"， a defunct historical claim that posits a country by the name of "France" exists and somehow had a rebellion。 This book was clearly Camus dabbling in a socialist/syndaclist experiment to impress the alt-women in his college and it clearly reads as such。 Maybe if he spent less time analyzing the unrestrained egoism of the Jacobins that led to a perverse corruption of justice， he would probably actually get a date。 。。。more

Belle ，

Liked this even better than the Stranger。

Sisyphus69 ，

not the place to start with him obviously but should be read by anyone who enjoys his other work

Macauley ，

Some of the points made were interesting， but if I'm being honest most of went over my head unless I really concentrated on it by which time it became a little boring。 Some of the points made were interesting， but if I'm being honest most of went over my head unless I really concentrated on it by which time it became a little boring。 。。。more

Javier Gzz F ，

“Todo rebelde， por el solo movimiento que lo levanta frente al opresor， aboga， pues， en favor de la vida， se compromete a luchar contra la servidumbre， la mentira y el terror y afirma， en lo que dura un relámpago， que estas tres plagas hacen reinar el silencio entre los hombres， los oscurecen unos a otros y les impiden encontrarse en el único valor que puede salvarlos del nihilismo， la larga complicidad de los hombres en lucha con su destino。”Libro difícil con mucho texto filosofico， desde Hegel “Todo rebelde， por el solo movimiento que lo levanta frente al opresor， aboga， pues， en favor de la vida， se compromete a luchar contra la servidumbre， la mentira y el terror y afirma， en lo que dura un relámpago， que estas tres plagas hacen reinar el silencio entre los hombres， los oscurecen unos a otros y les impiden encontrarse en el único valor que puede salvarlos del nihilismo， la larga complicidad de los hombres en lucha con su destino。”Libro difícil con mucho texto filosofico， desde Hegel， Marx， Nietzsche， las revoluciones Francesa， Rusa， la segunda Guerra y sus “filosofias detras。 Un poco tedioso de leer。 。。。more

Cowzrock ，

In beautiful language， Camus argues that the artist is the ultimate rebel， in his refusal to live in the world as it is and creation of his own through art， as well as through his paradoxical approval of the reality he needs to draw from to create。 The artist succeeds where political rebellion fails， particularly in his rebellion being nonviolent。 In the great works of art， the artist truly unifies humanity。

Vatotkh Vani ，

ეს არის წიგნი როდესაც გაქვს პასუხი კითხვაზე : “რომელმა წიგნმა შეცვალა რამე ქვენ ცხივრებაში” ამ წიგნის დამთაბრების მერეცოტა ამპარტავანი ხდები ადამიანი სხვა ადამიანების მიმართ:））

Rodny S。 ，

I was astonished when I first read The Myth of Sisyphus。 I've always been a sucker for existentialistic perspectives about life， as well as the nihilistic view of things。 God， the search for life's meaning， why the world exists， the nature of reality， metaphysics - all these things fascinate me in ways I couldn't even begin to explain。 And， needless to say， the ideas contained in the Myth of Sisyphus really satiated my inherent intrigue regarding the aforementioned concepts。 For someone who does I was astonished when I first read The Myth of Sisyphus。 I've always been a sucker for existentialistic perspectives about life， as well as the nihilistic view of things。 God， the search for life's meaning， why the world exists， the nature of reality， metaphysics - all these things fascinate me in ways I couldn't even begin to explain。 And， needless to say， the ideas contained in the Myth of Sisyphus really satiated my inherent intrigue regarding the aforementioned concepts。 For someone who doesn't considers himself as an existentialist， Camus sure does gave me a year's worth of existential crisis。With that said， I proceeded to read The Rebel， which was generally deemed as the continuation for the philosophy which he laid out in The Myth of Sisyphus。 And oh boy， were they wrong。 It is not merely a continuation。 Instead， it is the evolution。 No doubt about it， The Rebel is now my favorite Camus work， and has cemented Camus as one of my favorite philosophers。In The Myth of Sisyphus， Camus discusses the problem of suicide， explaining that killing oneself shouldn't be the logical conclusion of the seemingly meaninglessness of life。 Here， he introduces the concept of the absurd。 Absurdity， according to Camus， is the conflict between man's rational desire to seek the meaning of life， and the utter indifference of the world to provide answers; or， to put it more bluntly， the world is simply devoid of any meaning。 The entirety of the essay posits the notion that one can still live life fully by simply accepting and embracing such absurdity。 He fully rejects both the idea of trying to live life with the promise of reward in the afterlife， and the total surrender to the despair that nothing is worth living。 One must simply live in the present， said Camus， and should take life as it is。 In The Rebel， he takes it a step further and meditates on the concept of murder。 If one values his own life， what gives us the right devalue the lives of others？ Inversely， in a world governed by nihilistic perspective which rejects all inherent values， from what moral code should we base that killing is illegitimate？ For a better context， it is essential to understand the era when this essay was written: 1950's。"We are living in the era of premeditation and the perfect crime。 Our criminals are no longer helpless children who could plead love as their excuse。 On the contrary， they are adults and they have a perfect alibi: philosophy， which can be used for any purpose—even for transforming murderers into judges。"The Rebel was conceived by Camus at a time where atrocities are happening everywhere。 Nazism in Germany， Stalinism in Russia， to name a few， have recently emerged。 Millions are killed for the sake of protecting an ideology， or political cause。 Totality is the end， and expedient measures are the means。 In such horrifying times， Camus found the necessity to address and examine our position towards such atrocities。 Of course， in today's time， it is a generally accepted fact that murder， or genocide， will never be justified。 But it is important to note that in Camus' time， some people argues that a significant portion of the population is necessary to be sacrificed in order for humanity， as a whole， to develop and move forward towards an idealized future。 Surely， the groundwork Camus has done in The Myth of Sisyphus has been fully consummated into fruition with The Rebel （same thing can be said， in fact， with all of his other subsequent works）。 The title， itself， pertains to man's rebellion and revolution， both in the metaphysical （in relation to the concept of absurdity discussed in Sisyphus）， and historical sense （from the French Revolution to the Nazis）， all of which was happening in a Godless arena。 But truth be told， The Rebel is definitely not an easy read， and is even more unwelcoming than The Myth of Sisyphus。 As much as it is rich， extensive， and profound with its content and historical analysis， the number of unfamiliar political and philosophical concepts （all the -isms you can imagine） is quite overwhelming。 Camus also does a lot of references to certain historical people you've never heard before。 It surely does require a lot of patience， commitment， and diligence to familiarize oneself with the concepts discussed for better understanding。 Also， I think this is a type of book which requires at least a second reading。 Honestly， I doubt I fully grasped some of the ideas Camus conveyed in the text。 Nevertheless， this is definitely one of the most insightful work of non-fiction I have ever read， and I recommend it to anyone interested with Camus' ideas， and with philosophy， in general， and how it influenced the events which unfolded in our recent history。P。S。 I lowkey hate it when my reviews are way too long。 But I am too lazy to edit。 Catch-22。 。。。more

Caitlin ，

I really love Camus' writing， and there were chapters in here that were genuinely enthralling in the way he analyzes certain artists & their texts。 But this is very much a work of its time， hindered by his vantage point of the immediate postwar period/Soviet era。 I think this book lays bare his inability to fully acknowledge the systems - and subsequent oppressions - that characterize our collective existence。 I can't take a book about rebellion too seriously when it's written by a man who was a I really love Camus' writing， and there were chapters in here that were genuinely enthralling in the way he analyzes certain artists & their texts。 But this is very much a work of its time， hindered by his vantage point of the immediate postwar period/Soviet era。 I think this book lays bare his inability to fully acknowledge the systems - and subsequent oppressions - that characterize our collective existence。 I can't take a book about rebellion too seriously when it's written by a man who was against Algerian independence 。。。more

Shane ，

I am impressed with the scope of this study of rebellion， it draws on history， philosophy， art literature， and psychology。 I am not sure that I believe many of Camus arguments or even trust many of his assertion， but I will bracket them to reevaluate how I view this issue。

Triss ，

Made me feel incredibly smart but also has lots of fancy and difficult phrasing。

Evgenia Dimitriou ，

This is undoubtedly a fine piece of data-driven philosophy， a product of Camus’ philosophical maturity， developed throughout his years of exposure and dynamic contribution to philosophical streams。 Camus takes the reader on a journey to the history of philosophy and different forms of revolutions。 I was impressed by the way he constructs philosophical lines of thoughts and his ease of understanding and using complex terms。 However， reading this book is rather challenging。 I googled many names an This is undoubtedly a fine piece of data-driven philosophy， a product of Camus’ philosophical maturity， developed throughout his years of exposure and dynamic contribution to philosophical streams。 Camus takes the reader on a journey to the history of philosophy and different forms of revolutions。 I was impressed by the way he constructs philosophical lines of thoughts and his ease of understanding and using complex terms。 However， reading this book is rather challenging。 I googled many names and terms to understand more。 Make sure to have plenty of time and no distractions while reading it。 This is not a book you read on the subway。 。。。more

Hala Odeh ，

thought provoking， deserves a second and third read。

Philippe ，

Camus aborde dans cet ouvrage philosophique tous les types de révoltes。 Certains chapitres m’ont paru abscons : notamment la révolte métaphysique。 La révolte historique occupe une bonne partie du livre et est intéressante en dépit de sa longueur。 La révolte et l’art est un chapitre éclairant。 L’ensemble du livre reste toutefois d’une lecture assez ardue。

Lev ，

prometeul modern

Patrick ，

While in The Myth of Sisyphus Camus asks the question， "In the absence of a deity， should one kill themselves？，" Camus asks in The Rebel， "In the absence of a deity， should one kill others？" Subjects tackled include art and nihilism。 It's a difficult read as it will challenge your perceptions if you were raised in a theistic household， but very much worth it。 While in The Myth of Sisyphus Camus asks the question， "In the absence of a deity， should one kill themselves？，" Camus asks in The Rebel， "In the absence of a deity， should one kill others？" Subjects tackled include art and nihilism。 It's a difficult read as it will challenge your perceptions if you were raised in a theistic household， but very much worth it。 。。。more

Winmonroe ，

8/10I read a lot of Camus when I was younger and have always loved his writing。 So much so， that I bought most of his major works and would read them without doing much research in advance。 The Rebel is the first new major book of his I have picked up in many years and at first was surprised by its focus on social and political issues， after having always been draw to his personal philosophical predlicitions。 And yet， The Rebel still delivers his unique， artistic spirit and humanism。 Using the t 8/10I read a lot of Camus when I was younger and have always loved his writing。 So much so， that I bought most of his major works and would read them without doing much research in advance。 The Rebel is the first new major book of his I have picked up in many years and at first was surprised by its focus on social and political issues， after having always been draw to his personal philosophical predlicitions。 And yet， The Rebel still delivers his unique， artistic spirit and humanism。 Using the theme of rebellion， Camus explores what his perspective might bring to a more explicitly social and political debate。 At a time when most of his leftist milieu was drawn into Soviet apologia， Camus was too honest and authentic to not detect its totalitarian tendencies and had the courage to face them head on， attempting to draw out a new direction whose egalitarian objectives are familiar to the left， but for whom the means are as important as the ends。 This wonderful philsophical， historical， and political essay has only increased my admiration of Camus。 。。。more

Evan ，

The main source of inspiration for my passion project comes from Albert Camus’ work on human nature and murder， The Rebel。 In it， he argues that revolutionary action is doomed to fail from the onset if it is not waged on a common dignity found in all of humanity。 He wonders if there is a degree of permissibility in regards to violence and murder as a means to a necessary and moral end。 We’ll soon question this conclusion， asking ourselves if this presents a confounding contradiction to the idea The main source of inspiration for my passion project comes from Albert Camus’ work on human nature and murder， The Rebel。 In it， he argues that revolutionary action is doomed to fail from the onset if it is not waged on a common dignity found in all of humanity。 He wonders if there is a degree of permissibility in regards to violence and murder as a means to a necessary and moral end。 We’ll soon question this conclusion， asking ourselves if this presents a confounding contradiction to the idea that each and every life matters and indeed， contains beauty。。。 The Rebel is an amazing and thoughtful essay—written beautifully， of course—exploring and coming to terms with the nature of life and death and our relationship to it—highly recommended。 。。。more

Esteban Martínez ，

Libro que presenta， si bien no un sistema completo， los albores de una forma de pensar que quiere alejarse del nihilismo。 Irónicamente este libro se rebela contra otro libro de Camus: El mito de Sísifo。 Me gustó bastante， aunque no es un sistema completamente estructurado， sin embargo， no pretende serlo desde un principio。 Me suena a lo que he escuchado de Foucault （el pelón）。

Jɐu ，

It was a difficult read for me。 It is pure philosophy and nothing else。 The Myth of Sisyphus was easier to read， but also much shorter。 The book argues points still relevant today and it is truly a shame that Camus died as young as he did。 There was one quote that really stuck with me for days after: "One morning， after many dark nights of despair， an irrepressible longing to live will announce to us the fact that all is finished and that suffering has no more meaning than happiness。" It was a difficult read for me。 It is pure philosophy and nothing else。 The Myth of Sisyphus was easier to read， but also much shorter。 The book argues points still relevant today and it is truly a shame that Camus died as young as he did。 There was one quote that really stuck with me for days after: "One morning， after many dark nights of despair， an irrepressible longing to live will announce to us the fact that all is finished and that suffering has no more meaning than happiness。" 。。。more

grace ，

i feel like to truly appreciate Camus i need to be able to annotate and everything。 sorry library book， but you’re just not gonna cut it。

Matea Božić ，

Jedno od genijalnijih djela unutar egzistencijalističke filozofije。 Camus je fantastično opisao koliko je komunizam u svojoj biti nihilističan。 To se napose može vidjeti kada govori o odnosu komunizma prema književnosti/umjetnosti。

öykü ，

“In the light， the earth remains our first and our last love。 Our brothers are breathing under the same sky as we; justice is a living thing。 Now is born that strange joy which helps one live and die， and which we shall never again postpone to a later time。 On the sorrowing earth it is the unresting thorn， the bitter brew， the harsh wind off the sea， the old and the new dawn。 With this joy， through long struggle， we shall remake the soul of our time。”

Sarah ，

Interesting take on the history， psychology， and tyrannical outcome of revolutions。 Snatches amazingly the reader from the mainstream utopia of the people's ideal revolution for Justice， Reason， and Peace， showing from a rational and historical argumentation how it inevitably leads to the contraryThe content is very enriching on a historical and psychological scale。 Not only does it tackle in depth the essence of the the revolutionary spirit that animated history， religions， and art， but it also Interesting take on the history， psychology， and tyrannical outcome of revolutions。 Snatches amazingly the reader from the mainstream utopia of the people's ideal revolution for Justice， Reason， and Peace， showing from a rational and historical argumentation how it inevitably leads to the contraryThe content is very enriching on a historical and psychological scale。 Not only does it tackle in depth the essence of the the revolutionary spirit that animated history， religions， and art， but it also sheds the light on the perverse outcomes of revolution， diving into the essence of philosophy and history from a critical point of view。 Despite such an interesting take content-wise， the book's literary style and abundant historical knowledge can render it difficult to properly appreciate。Albert Camus is a renown and appreciated author in the political and judicial world， and his work serves as an important guide to the human mind。 。。。more

vinnie palazzo ，

Mid。

Winnie Wu ，

I procrastinated the last third of the book。 Unwise， because it was the best part of the entire thing。 The last few pages sum up his response to nihilism - reject totality， accept moderation， and create dangerously。 Rather than an investigation into the absurd， this is a great book for anyone wanting to learn more about the ideas behind past political movements （and why they failed）。

Aurore ，

Livre à lire plusieurs fois je pense， tellement il est riche non seulement en réflexions， mais aussi en références qui m'ont peut-être manqué pour pouvoir mieux cerner ou analyser certaines assertions de l'auteur。 C'est néanmoins un nouveau Camus que j'ai lu， un Camus dont la culture est impressionnante pour moi qui arrive à l'âge où il recevait le prix Nobel。。。 Bref， on découvre une autre facette d'un être qui grâce à monsieur Germain a pu tant donner au Monde！ Merci à vous， monsieur Germain！ Livre à lire plusieurs fois je pense， tellement il est riche non seulement en réflexions， mais aussi en références qui m'ont peut-être manqué pour pouvoir mieux cerner ou analyser certaines assertions de l'auteur。 C'est néanmoins un nouveau Camus que j'ai lu， un Camus dont la culture est impressionnante pour moi qui arrive à l'âge où il recevait le prix Nobel。。。 Bref， on découvre une autre facette d'un être qui grâce à monsieur Germain a pu tant donner au Monde！ Merci à vous， monsieur Germain！ 。。。more

Josh Anderson ，

“The first progressive step for a mind overwhelmed by the strangeness of things is to realize that this feeling of strangeness is shared with all men and that human reality， in its entirety， suffers from the distance which separates it from the rest of the universe。 The malady experienced by a single man becomes a mass plague。 In our daily trials rebellion plays the same role as does the ‘cogito’ in the realm of thought: it is the first piece of evidence。 But this evidence lures the individual f “The first progressive step for a mind overwhelmed by the strangeness of things is to realize that this feeling of strangeness is shared with all men and that human reality， in its entirety， suffers from the distance which separates it from the rest of the universe。 The malady experienced by a single man becomes a mass plague。 In our daily trials rebellion plays the same role as does the ‘cogito’ in the realm of thought: it is the first piece of evidence。 But this evidence lures the individual from his solitude。 It founds its first value on the whole human race。 I rebel—therefore we exist。” 。。。more

sologdin ，

Camus opens with a statement of purpose， similar to Derrida's 'Force of Law，' Benjamin's 'Critique of Violence，' and Agamben's State of Exception， regarding "whether innocence， the moment it becomes involved in action， can avoid committing murder。"Summarizing the prior work he'd done in The Myth of Sisyphus as "the repudiation of suicide and the acceptance of the desperate encounter between human inquiry and the silence of the universe，" here he notes that "Suicide would mean the end of this enc Camus opens with a statement of purpose， similar to Derrida's 'Force of Law，' Benjamin's 'Critique of Violence，' and Agamben's State of Exception， regarding "whether innocence， the moment it becomes involved in action， can avoid committing murder。"Summarizing the prior work he'd done in The Myth of Sisyphus as "the repudiation of suicide and the acceptance of the desperate encounter between human inquiry and the silence of the universe，" here he notes that "Suicide would mean the end of this encounter， and absurdist reasoning considers that it could not consent to this without negating its own premises。" Absudism similarly condemns murder。 So there's that。 It is a cartesian moment for him: "Absurdism， like methodical doubt， has wiped the slate clean。" What remains， after wiping everything clean is "The first and only evidence that is supplied me， within the terms of the absurdist experience， is rebellion。"What follows are several examinations of rebellion。 Beginning with the philosophy of rebellion， he notes that it might "exist only in a society where a theoretical equality conceals great factual inequalities。" He invokes Scheler for the inference that anomie dwells at the center of the nomos to the extent that with "the theory of political freedom， there is， in the very heart of our society， an increasing awareness in man of the idea of man and， thanks to the application of this theory of freedom， a corresponding dissatisfaction。" His conclusion is "I rebel—therefore we exist。" He examines in order the work of de Sade， Baudelaire， Lautreamont， Nietzsche， Artaud， Breton， Marx， and so on。 Ultimately， "One hundred and fifty years of metaphysical rebellion and of nihilism have witnessed the persistent reappearance， under different guises， of the same ravaged countenance: the face of human protest。 All of them， decrying the human condition and its creator， have affirmed the solitude of man and the nonexistence of any kind of morality，" somehow finding atheism at the root of philosophical rebellion。 A bathetic dollar store conclusion after a platinum survey--he could've done better than that。The gears then shift to an examination of historical rebellion。 This argument is not very strong ab initio， doomed from the commencement by imprudent statements such as "Just as the history of metaphysical rebellion began with Sade， so our real inquiry only begins with his contemporaries， the regicides， who attack the incarnation of divinity without yet daring to destroy the principle of eternity，" or "Every ideology is contrary to human psychology，" or "Joseph de Maistre qualified the Revolution as satanic。" I mean， de Maistre， really？ Whatever。He loses my sympathy completely when proclaiming that "All modern revolutions have ended in a reinforcement of the power of the State。 1789 brings Napoleon; 1848， Napoleon III; 1917， Stalin; the Italian disturbances of the twenties， Mussolini; the Weimar Republic， Hitler，" which considers fascism to be some sort of revolution and fails to evaluate the transformation preceding the distortion of the new regime。 Though he makes cogent comments about fascism， they are misplaced， essentially equating NSDAP violence with revolutions proper。 The odd thing is that he understands that the references to fascism are inapposite， but includes them anyway， despite stating plainly "The name revolution， to which Hitler's adventure had no claim， was once deserved by Russian Communism， and although it apparently deserves it no longer， it claims that one day it will deserve it forever。" I can understand the critique of Stalinism， of course--but its facile equation with fascism is just bizarre。Despite my misgivings with his conflation of bolshevism and fascism （it is difficult to see in fascism a rebellion）， he is a snappy writer--"Thus there is only one hell and it is on this earth: and it is against this that the struggle must be waged，" and "The future is the only transcendental value for men without God，" meant as critiques of left revolutionaries。 At times it seems as though he is engaged in sub rosa polemic with Sartre。 But then again， "The future is the only kind of property that the masters willingly concede to the slaves。" He also repeatedly refers to marxist predictions as 'prophecy，' which is beyond annoying。Likely required reading， along with his other texts。 Recommended for those rebels who end by taking sides against the revolution。 。。。more

Flora ，

this was good in some parts， but i struggled to grasp the references he used which hindered how i understood what Camus was trying to say。 it was good， eh， mid。 not his best work fr。

Reference

google book https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=El Hombre Rebelde / The Rebel: An Essay Onman in Revolt

hathitrust digital library https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/ls?q1=El Hombre Rebelde / The Rebel: An Essay Onman in Revolt&field1=ocr&a=srchls&ft=ft&lmt=ft

The British Library https://bll01.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?query=any,contains,El Hombre Rebelde / The Rebel: An Essay Onman in Revolt&tab=LibraryCatalog&search_scope=Not_BL_Suppress&vid=44BL_INST:BLL01&lang=en&offset=0